Enter disaster research, see “Death was not in the agenda for the day”: Emotions, behavioral reactions, and perceptions in response to the 2018 Hawaii Wireless Emergency Alert.
This is just the brief extract of the study, but I noted that people were "milling" following the attack, trying to find out from others what their perceptions and actions were and would be.
I have one more warning blog post to do today about the communications technology of warning. I think we spend a bit too much time on the method and not enough time thinking about the messages that will be transmitted. Or, being sure that we have a rock-solid procedure in place for sending warnings.
I picked up Sarah E. DeYoung's link above off a tweet she posted.