On March 14, 1879, Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, to Hermann and Pauline Einstein. At age 10, a new friend introduced Einstein to science books, mathematical texts and philosophical writings, and by the age of 12, he had mastered Euclidean geometry and calculus, and had a solid understanding of deductive reasoning.
Einstein is most widely remembered for his theory of relativity, and he won the Nobel Prize in 1921 for his work in theoretical physics.