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How did mathematicians deduce the identity of prolific street artist Banksy?

Answer: geographic profiling

Law enforcement sometimes uses geographic profiling to narrow lists of suspects in cases of serial crimes. The process involves quantitative and qualitative analysis of a list of locations known to be associated with the criminal in question. In this case, scientists from the Queen Mary University of London said they used the location of 140 Banksy art pieces spread throughout western England to identify the artist’s real identity: Robin Gunningham.

The research demonstrates the flexibility of geographic profiling, as it can also be used to pinpoint the origin of disease epidemics and terrorist attacks, according to the researchers.