All of the above and likely other elements, help with giving you a modicum of operational readiness for disasters or disease outbreaks.
Public health in the United States has had its federal funding already whittled away over the last five to nine years. The surge in funding for public health that we saw after the terrorist attacks of 9/11 has slowly decreased over time. Now we see a potential new cut coming to the CDC — even while the nation and our local public health agencies are struggling to deal with the current coronavirus 2019-nCoV. See the article below.
Trump administration wants to cut funding from public health preparedness programs.
The CDC provides the expertise and information needed by state and local public health departments. Throwing more money at a new event at the time of the disease outbreak does little good. If you want operational readiness, you must continue to invest in it for the long haul. It can't be episodic.